| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| Y Ozawa, T Obonai, M Itoh, Y Aoki, M Funayama, S Takashim. Catecholaminergic neurons in the diencephalon and basal ganglia of SIDS. Pediatric neurology. vol 21. issue 1. 1999-09-09. PMID:10428433. |
the catecholaminergic systems of sudden infant death syndrome victims were examined in the diencephalon and basal ganglia, in addition to the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata, using the immuno-histochemical method involving tyrosine hydroxylase. |
1999-09-09 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S Ono, M G Cheria. Regional distribution of metallothionein, zinc, and copper in the brain of different strains of rats. Biological trace element research. vol 69. issue 2. 1999-08-31. PMID:10433347. |
the regional brain distribution of metallothionein (mt), zinc, and copper in the brain was determined in nine anatomical regions (olfactory bulb, cortex, corpus striatum, hippocampus, thalamus plus hypothalamus, pons plus medulla oblongata, cerebellum, midbrain, and white matter) and was compared between two different strains of rat (sprague-dawley [sd] and lewis). |
1999-08-31 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| A A Palmer, M P Print. Strain differences in Fos expression following airpuff startle in Spontaneously Hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats. Neuroscience. vol 89. issue 3. 1999-07-07. PMID:10199628. |
the airpuff stimulus induced fos protein expression in discrete nuclei within the hypothalamus, thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla of both strains, with strain-dependent differences evident in the hypothalamus (lateral, ventromedial and dorsomedial), pons (locus coeruleus) and medulla (rostroventrolateral medulla and solitary tract nuclei). |
1999-07-07 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| B Lee, I Nitsos, D W Walke. Effects of the respiratory stimulant almitrine on breathing and FOS expression in the brain of fetal and newborn sheep. Pediatric research. vol 45. issue 4 Pt 1. 1999-06-15. PMID:10203146. |
fos protein was increased in cardiorespiratory areas of the medulla and pons, in the periaqueductal region of the midbrain, and in the supraoptic and paraventricular regions of the hypothalamus. |
1999-06-15 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| I Nitsos, D W Walke. The distribution of FOS-immunoreactive neurons in the brainstem, midbrain and diencephalon of fetal sheep in response to acute hypoxia in mid and late gestation. Brain research. Developmental brain research. vol 114. issue 1. 1999-05-26. PMID:10209238. |
the hypoxia caused cessation of breathing movements at both fetal ages, and increased fos staining in the medulla (area postrema, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, nucleus solitary tract, ventrolateral medulla); pons (locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus, lateral and medial parabrachial nuclei); midbrain (habenula, periaqueductal grey, substantia nigra, areas ventrolateral to red nucleus); and hypothalamus (anterior and lateral hypothalamic areas, paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei). |
1999-05-26 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| M I Dávila-García, R A Houghtling, S S Qasba, K J Kella. Nicotinic receptor binding sites in rat primary neuronal cells in culture: characterization and their regulation by chronic nicotine. Brain research. Molecular brain research. vol 66. issue 1-2. 1999-05-13. PMID:10095073. |
after 15 days in culture, the highest density of [3h]cytisine binding sites (bmax approximately 57 fmol/mg protein) was found in cells from the brainstem, which includes the following subcortical brain areas: the septum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla. |
1999-05-13 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| K P Brisk. Induction of Fos immunoreactivity by acute glucose deprivation in the rat caudal brainstem: relation to NADPH diaphorase localization. Histochemistry and cell biology. vol 111. issue 3. 1999-04-30. PMID:10094419. |
at 150-microm intervals through the midbrain, pons, and medulla 25-microm sections were taken and processed for dual cytoplasmic nadph-d enzyme activity and nuclear fos immunoreactivity (fos-ir). |
1999-04-30 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| K Y Pau, J H Yu, C J Lee, H G Spie. Topographic localization of neuropeptide Y mRNA in the monkey brainstem. Regulatory peptides. vol 75-76. 1999-01-19. PMID:9802403. |
for example, the reticular formation of both the medulla and mesencephalon abundantly expressed npy mrna. |
1999-01-19 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| H Akama, B P McGrath, E Badoe. Volume expansion fails to normally activate neural pathways in the brain of conscious rabbits with heart failure. Journal of the autonomic nervous system. vol 73. issue 1. 1999-01-05. PMID:9808371. |
these included the parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (pvn) of the hypothalamus, the midbrain periaqueductal gray, the nucleus tractus solitarius (nts), area postrema and the ventrolateral medulla (vlm). |
1999-01-05 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| B H Mannin. A lateralized deficit in morphine antinociception after unilateral inactivation of the central amygdala. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. vol 18. issue 22. 1998-12-11. PMID:9801383. |
unlike the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (pag) or rostral ventromedial medulla, the amygdala is a pain-modulating region that has clear bilateral representation in the brain, making it possible to determine whether pain-modulating effects of this region are lateralized with respect to the peripheral origin of noxious stimulation. |
1998-12-11 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| H N Bhargava, S Kumar, J T Bia. Up-regulation of brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors following multiple intracerebroventricular injections of [D-Pen2, D-Pen5] enkephalin and [D-Ala2, Glu4]deltorphin II in mice. Peptides. vol 18. issue 10. 1998-02-18. PMID:9437723. |
the binding of [3h]mk-801 was determined in brain regions (cortex, midbrain, pons and medulla, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus and amygdala). |
1998-02-18 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| L J Teppema, J G Veening, A Kranenburg, A Dahan, A Berkenbosch, C Olievie. Expression of c-fos in the rat brainstem after exposure to hypoxia and to normoxic and hyperoxic hypercapnia. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 388. issue 2. 1997-12-12. PMID:9368836. |
hypercapnia, in a dose-dependent way caused fos expression in the following areas: caudal nucleus tractus solitarius (nts), with few labeled a2 noradrenergic neurons; noradrenergic a1 cells and noncatecholaminergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla; raphe magnus and gigantocellular nucleus pars alpha (gia); many noncatecholaminergic (and relatively few c1) neurons in the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus (pgcl), and in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (rtn); locus coeruleus (lc), external lateral parabrachial and kölliker-fuse nuclei, and a5 noradrenergic neurons at pontine level; and in caudal mesencephalon, the ventrolateral column of the periaqueductal gray (vlpag). |
1997-12-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Y Hirooka, J W Polson, P D Potts, R A Dampne. Hypoxia-induced Fos expression in neurons projecting to the pressor region in the rostral ventrolateral medulla. Neuroscience. vol 80. issue 4. 1997-10-07. PMID:9284071. |
moderate hypoxia resulted in a modest hypertension of approximately 15 mmhg, and in the expression of fos (a marker of neuronal activation) in many neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius, the rostral, intermediate and caudal parts of the ventrolateral medulla, the kölliker-fuse nucleus, locus coeruleus, subcoeruleus and a5 area in the pons as well as in several midbrain and forebrain regions, including the periaqueductal grey in the midbrain and the paraventricular, supraoptic and arcuate nuclei in the hypothalamus. |
1997-10-07 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S C Veasey, C A Fornal, C W Metzler, B L Jacob. Single-unit responses of serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons to specific motor challenges in freely moving cats. Neuroscience. vol 79. issue 1. 1997-08-04. PMID:9178872. |
to determine whether the response profile of serotonergic neurons in the midbrain is similar to that observed in the medulla, the single-unit activity of serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus cells was studied during three specific motor activities: treadmill-induced locomotion, hypercarbia-induced ventilatory response and spontaneous feeding. |
1997-08-04 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| D N Zhu, G Z Xie, P L. The cardiovascular response to medullary cholinergic and corticoid stimulation is calcium channel dependent in rats. Blood pressure. vol 6. issue 3. 1997-07-29. PMID:9181256. |
microinjection of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (0.4 microgram/0.1 microliter/site) or acetylcholine (ach, 25 ng/0.1 microliter/site) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvlm) caused an increase in blood pressure (bp), heart rate (hr) and the pressor response produced by stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal grey (dpag) in the midbrain. |
1997-07-29 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| J Huang, J E Casid. Role of cerebellar granule cell-specific GABAA receptor subtype in the differential sensitivity of [3H]ethynylbicycloorthobenzoate binding to GABA mimetics. Neuroscience letters. vol 225. issue 2. 1997-07-24. PMID:9147380. |
sensitivity to these gaba mimetics is lower by 3-4-fold for cerebellum and 10-20-fold for cerebral cortex, midbrain, and pons and medulla, a differential sensitivity by brain region and cell type consistent with earlier findings using tert-[35s]butylbicyclophosphorothionate and gaba. |
1997-07-24 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| C R Bjarkam, J C Sørensen, F A Genese. Distribution and morphology of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons in the brainstem of the New Zealand white rabbit. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 380. issue 4. 1997-06-27. PMID:9087529. |
it was possible to divide the serotonergic neurons into a rostral group, which is situated in the mesencephalon and the rostral part of the pons containing four serotonergic nuclei, and a caudal group, which is located in the medulla and the caudal part of the pons containing five serotonergic nuclei. |
1997-06-27 |
2023-08-12 |
rabbit |
| N Belluardo, G Wu, G Mudo, A C Hansson, R Pettersson, K Fux. Comparative localization of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, -2, and -3 mRNAs in the rat brain: in situ hybridization analysis. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 379. issue 2. 1997-05-21. PMID:9050787. |
one observation in this analysis was a widespread expression in the brain of all three fgfr mrnas, according to the following rank order: fgfr1, diencephalon < telencephalon < mesencephalon and metencephalon < myelencephalon; fgfr2 and fgfr3, telencephalon < diencephalon < mesencephalon and metencephalon < myelencephalon. |
1997-05-21 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| Z Yang, M Z Wrona, G Dryhurs. 5-hydroxy-3-ethylamino-2-oxindole is not formed in rat brain following a neurotoxic dose of methamphetamine: evidence that methamphetamine does not induce the hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation of serotonin. Journal of neurochemistry. vol 68. issue 5. 1997-05-15. PMID:9109519. |
one hour after administration of ma (100 mg/kg s.c.) to the rat, massive decrements of 5-ht were observed in all regions of the brain examined (cortex, hippocampus, medulla and pons, midbrain, and striatum). |
1997-05-15 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| H N Bhargava, S Kuma. Modification of the binding of [3H]MK-801 to brain regions and spinal cord of rats treated chronically with U-50,488H, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist. Brain research. vol 749. issue 2. 1997-05-06. PMID:9138737. |
in tolerant rats, the binding of [3h]mk-801 was increased in pons and medulla and corpus striatum but decreased in midbrain and hippocampus and was due to changes in bmax values. |
1997-05-06 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |