| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| M Hayashi, M Itoh, S Araki, S Kumada, N Tanuma, T Kohji, J Kohyama, Y Iwakawa, J Satoh, Y Morimats. Immunohistochemical analysis of brainstem lesions in infantile spasms. Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology. vol 20. issue 4. 2001-04-12. PMID:11211054. |
in these subjects the expressions of tryptophan hydroxylase (trh), tyrosine hydroxylase (th), parvalbumin (pv), methionine-enkephalin (me) and substance p (sp) were immunohistochemically determined in serial sections of the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. |
2001-04-12 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| M Bago, C Dea. Sympathoinhibition from ventrolateral periaqueductal gray mediated by 5-HT(1A) receptors in the RVLM. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology. vol 280. issue 4. 2001-04-12. PMID:11247817. |
the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1a (5-ht(1a)) receptors located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvlm) in the mediation of a sympathoinhibitory and depressor response elicited from the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlpag) matter of the midbrain was examined in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats. |
2001-04-12 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| W Wang, P Lo, M Frasch, T Lufki. Hmx: an evolutionary conserved homeobox gene family expressed in the developing nervous system in mice and Drosophila. Mechanisms of development. vol 99. issue 1-2. 2001-03-08. PMID:11091080. |
during evolution, mouse hmx2 and hmx3 may have retained a primary function in central nervous system development as suggested by their expression in the postmitotic cells of the neural tube, as well as in the hypothalamus, the mesencephalon, metencephalon and discrete regions in the myelencephalon during embryogenesis. |
2001-03-08 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| K Nagashima, S Nakai, M Tanaka, K Kanosu. Neuronal circuitries involved in thermoregulation. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical. vol 85. issue 1-3. 2001-03-08. PMID:11189023. |
included are midbrain reticulospinal neurons for shivering and premotor neurons in the medulla oblongata for skin vasomotor control. |
2001-03-08 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| A Taniguchi, H Fukushi, T Yanai, T Masegi, T Yamaguchi, K Hira. Equine herpesvirus 9 induced lethal encephalomyelitis in experimentally infected goats. Archives of virology. vol 145. issue 12. 2001-02-15. PMID:11205108. |
neuropathological lesions were located in the olfactory bulbs, cerebrum, midbrain and medulla oblongata with degeneration and necrosis of neurons, rarefaction, perivascular infiltration of mononuclear cells, and nodal glial reaction. |
2001-02-15 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| A E Kalyuzhny, J Dooyema, M W Wessendor. Opioid- and GABA(A)-receptors are co-expressed by neurons in rat brain. Neuroreport. vol 11. issue 12. 2001-01-18. PMID:10976932. |
in the present study, we investigated whether neurons in rat midbrain and medulla express both opioid and gaba(a) receptors. |
2001-01-18 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| E Hellström-Lindahl, J A Cour. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors during prenatal development and brain pathology in human aging. Behavioural brain research. vol 113. issue 1-2. 2001-01-03. PMID:10942042. |
the highest specific binding of [3h]epibatidine and [3h]cytisine was detected in spinal cord, pons and medulla oblongata, and binding of [125i]alpha-bungarotoxin was highest in spinal cord, medulla oblongata and mesencephalon. |
2001-01-03 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| M Ek, C Arias, P Sawchenko, A Ericsson-Dahlstran. Distribution of the EP3 prostaglandin E(2) receptor subtype in the rat brain: relationship to sites of interleukin-1-induced cellular responsiveness. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 428. issue 1. 2000-12-22. PMID:11058221. |
ep3r-expressing cells were also prominent in brainstem cell groups involved in nociceptive information processing/modulation (periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus (lc), parabrachial nucleus (pb), caudal raphé nuclei), arousal and wakefulness (lc, midbrain raphé and tuberomammillary nuclei); and in conveying interoceptive input, including systemic il-1 signals, to the endocrine hypothalamus (nucleus of the solitary tract (nts) and rostral ventrolateral medulla [vlm]). |
2000-12-22 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| R Vidal, M Calero, P Piccardo, M R Farlow, F W Unverzagt, E Méndez, A Jiménez-Huete, R Beavis, G Gallo, E Gomez-Tortosa, J Ghiso, B T Hyman, B Frangione, B Ghett. Senile dementia associated with amyloid beta protein angiopathy and tau perivascular pathology but not neuritic plaques in patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele. Acta neuropathologica. vol 100. issue 1. 2000-12-07. PMID:10912914. |
amyloid beta protein and apoe immunoreactivity were observed in leptomeningeal vessels as well as in medium-sized and small vessels and capillaries in the parenchyma of the neocortex, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum, midbrain, pons, and medulla. |
2000-12-07 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| S V Koulchitsky, G K Tropnikova, G P Mironova, Y A Pesotskaya, A N German, V A Kulchitsk. Central pool of serotonin and tail-flick latency during two phases of biphasic fever in rats. Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China. Part B, Life sciences. vol 24. issue 3. 2000-12-04. PMID:10943945. |
the catabolism of serotonin increased most considerably in the initial period of the acute phase reaction in the midbrain, striatum, and rostrodorsomedial medulla (on average, by 20-25%, 35-40%, and 95-100%, respectively). |
2000-12-04 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| F Cardozo-Pelaez, P J Brooks, T Stedeford, S Song, J Sanchez-Ramo. DNA damage, repair, and antioxidant systems in brain regions: a correlative study. Free radical biology & medicine. vol 28. issue 5. 2000-05-25. PMID:10754274. |
in our study, we have shown that regions such as the midbrain, caudate putamen, and hippocampus show high levels of oxo(8)dg in total dna, although regions such as the cerebellum, cortex, and pons and medulla have lower levels. |
2000-05-25 |
2023-08-12 |
mouse |
| J Dymecki, E Bertrand, Z Tomankiewicz, H Szuniewic. Hallervorden-Spatz disease in an adult patient. Folia neuropathologica. vol 37. issue 4. 2000-04-27. PMID:10705643. |
in addition, numerous spheroids disseminated in the basal ganglia, mesencephalon and medulla oblongata, as well as lewy bodies in sn were noted. |
2000-04-27 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| T Takeuchi, A Misaki, S B Liang, A Tachibana, N Hayashi, H Sonobe, Y Ohtsuk. Expression of T-cadherin (CDH13, H-Cadherin) in human brain and its characteristics as a negative growth regulator of epidermal growth factor in neuroblastoma cells. Journal of neurochemistry. vol 74. issue 4. 2000-04-11. PMID:10737605. |
northern blot analysis demonstrated expression of t-cadherin in human adult cerebral cortex, medulla, thalamus, and midbrain. |
2000-04-11 |
2023-08-12 |
human |
| M Okui, F Ito, K Ogita, N Kuramoto, J Kudoh, N Shimizu, T Id. Expression of APG-2 protein, a member of the heat shock protein 110 family, in developing rat brain. Neurochemistry international. vol 36. issue 1. 2000-03-08. PMID:10566957. |
the results showed a high expression of apg-2 protein in various regions of the central nervous system (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, midbrain, hypothalamus, cerebellum, medulla pons, and spinal cord) throughout the entire postnatal stage. |
2000-03-08 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| N Hirakawa, S A Tershner, H L Field. Highly delta selective antagonists in the RVM attenuate the antinociceptive effect of PAG DAMGO. Neuroreport. vol 10. issue 15. 1999-12-15. PMID:10574547. |
the present study tested the hypothesis that endogenous opioid peptides acting at the delta-opioid receptor (dor) in the rostral ventromedial medulla (rvm) contribute to the antinociception elicited by the mu-opioid receptor (mor) agonist damgo in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag). |
1999-12-15 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |
| S L Shin, J H Cha, M H Chun, J W Chung, M Y Le. Expression of osteopontin mRNA in the adult rat brain. Neuroscience letters. vol 273. issue 2. 1999-11-22. PMID:10505619. |
in addition, northern blot analysis showed a confined expression only in the brain stem with higher level in the pons and the medulla than in the midbrain. |
1999-11-22 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T Kubo, Y Hagiwara, D Sekiya, R Fukumor. Midbrain central gray is involved in mediation of cholinergic inputs to the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat. Brain research bulletin. vol 50. issue 1. 1999-11-10. PMID:10507470. |
midbrain central gray is involved in mediation of cholinergic inputs to the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat. |
1999-11-10 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| T Kubo, Y Hagiwara, D Sekiya, R Fukumor. Midbrain central gray is involved in mediation of cholinergic inputs to the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat. Brain research bulletin. vol 50. issue 1. 1999-11-10. PMID:10507470. |
there are cholinergic inputs responsible for pressor responses in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvlm) and stimulation of midbrain central gray (cg) increases arterial pressure via activation of neurons in the rvlm. |
1999-11-10 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| K Muneoka, T Nakatsu, J Fuji, T Ogawa, M Takigaw. Prenatal administration of nicotine results in dopaminergic alterations in the neocortex. Neurotoxicology and teratology. vol 21. issue 5. 1999-10-22. PMID:10492395. |
the 3 mg/kg/day and 6 mg/kg/ day nicotine exposure resulted in significant decreases in dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (dopac) content in the neocortex and in both the neocortex and in the midbrain plus pons medulla, respectively, without any effects on the other brain regions such as the hypothalamus or striatum. |
1999-10-22 |
2023-08-12 |
rat |
| J A Donald, T Toop, D H Evan. Natriuretic peptide binding sites in the brain of the Atlantic hagfish, Myxine glutinosa. The Journal of experimental zoology. vol 284. issue 4. 1999-09-23. PMID:10451418. |
moderate levels of specific (125)i-ranp binding were observed in the mesencephalon and medulla oblongata; little or no (125)i-porcine cnp binding was observed in these regions. |
1999-09-23 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |